Zero Bridge

The introduction of blockchain offers attested advantages in terms of decentralization, transparency, and security; however, its adoption  faces several challenges. This technology can revolutionize various sectors, promoting the resilience of the services providedand increasing the trust of the various parties involved. To date, one of the biggest obstacles to the adoption of this technology is interoperability, since blockchains do not have the ability to communicate with each other. This constitutes an obstacle to the mass adoption of this technology, limiting its use. Therefore, in this project, a new scalable and interoperable protocol is proposed. This covers numerous use cases and preserves the privacy of the actors involved in the different blockchains, reducing shared data to a minimum. Our proposal focuses mainly on interoperability between permissioned blockchains, where access control mechanisms present peculiarities that are not found in their public counterparts. Encouraging interoperability between private blockchains in a secure, efficient, and confidential manner could be a turning point in the Industry 4.0 revolution. Our approach aims at enabling use cases such as the transfer of fungible and non-fungible tokens, data copying, and smart contract synchronization, up to the generic execution of smart contracts resident on different blockchains. In our model, blockchains feature off-chain distributed processes that do not use a consensus algorithm but rely on threshold signatures. Each off-chain process is isolated and interacts with specific interface smart contracts, preserving the privacy of the actors involved. The semantics of interoperability are entirely defined within smart contracts. Users can perform interchain transactions autonomously, and off-chain processes are responsible for verifying user activities and regulating the flow of interchain transactions. This eliminates scalability problems or bottlenecks in interchain communications, favoring the synchronization of the states of the blockchains involved.